There are many strategies for maximizing your success on multiple choice exams.
 The best way to improve your chances, of course, is to study carefully before the exam.
 There is no good substitute for knowing the right answer. Even a well-prepared
 student can make silly mistakes on a multiple choice exam, however, or can fall prey to distracters
 that look very similar to the correct answer.

Here are a few tips to help reduce these perils:

Before you begin taking the exam, enter all pieces of required information on your answer sheet
If you are so eager to start that you forget to enter your name and ID number, your results may never be scored.
 Remember: your instructor will not be able to identify you by handwriting or similar text clues.
Always cover up the possible responses with a piece of paper or with your hand while you read the stem,
or body of the question.
Try to anticipate the correct response before you are distracted by seeing the options that your instructor has provided.
 Then, uncover the responses.
If you see the response that you anticipated, circle it and then check to be sure that none of the other responses is better.
If you do not see a response that you expected, then consider some of the following strategies to eliminate responses
 that are probably wrong.
None of these strategies is infallible. A smart instructor will avoid writing questions for which these strategies work,
 but you can always hope for a lapse of attention.

Responses that use absolute words, such as "always" or "never" are less likely to be correct than ones that
 use conditional words like "usually" or "probably."

"Funny" responses are usually wrong.

"All of the above" is often a correct response.
If you can verify that more than one of the other responses is probably correct, then choose "all of the above."

"None of the above" is usually an incorrect response,
 but this is less reliable than the "all of the above" rule. Be very careful not to be trapped by double negatives.

Look for grammatical clues. If the stem ends with the indefinite article "an," for example,
 then the correct response probably begins with a vowel.

The longest response is often the correct one, because the instructor tends to load it with qualifying adjectives
 or phrases.

Look for verbal associations. A response that repeats key words that are in the stem is likely to be correct.

If all else fails, choose response (b) or (c). Many instructors subconsciously feel that the correct answer is "hidden" better
 if it is surrounded by distracters. Response (a) is usually least likely to be the correct one.

If you cannot answer a question within a minute or less, skip it and plan to come back later.
 Transfer all responses to the answer sheet at the same time, once you have marked all questions
on your exam. (If you try to do several things at once, you increase the probability of making a mistake.
Saving the relatively mindless job of filling in bubbles until the last step reduces the probability of making silly errors.)
Be sure that you have filled the appropriate bubbles carefully IN PENCIL.
 our instructor will probably never take a close look at your answer sheet, so if you fail to fill in bubbles
completely or if you make stray marks,
only the computer will notice, and you will be penalized. Erase any accidental marks completely.
Take the time to check your work before you hand in the answer sheet.
Unlike an essay exam, on which you may later appeal a grade on the grounds that the instructor
 misunderstood your response, a multiple choice exam offers you no opportunity for "partial credit."
 If you filled the wrong bubble, your answer is 100% wrong.

some useful abbreviations:

? LASER…………………………Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiations
? RADAR………………………………………………radio detection and ranging
? LPG…………………………………………………….liquified petroleum gas
? CFC…………………………………………………….choloro fluoro carbons
? AIDS…………………………………………………….acquired immune deficiency syndrome
? ROM………………………………Read Only Memory
? LAN………………………………Local Area Network
? WWW…………………………World Wide Web
? DNA…………………………… deoxy ribonucleic acid
? HDL…………………………………………………….high density lipoprotein
? MeV…………………………………………………….mega electron volt
? UHF…………………………Ultra High Frquency
? LED………………………….Light Emitting Diode
? LCD………………………….Liquid Crystal Display
? BASIC………………………Beginner's All Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code
? MASER…………………………………………………micro wave apmplification by s stimulated emmission of radiation
? SONAR…………………………………………………sound navigation and ranging
? SARS……………………Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
? NTP……………………………………………………. network time protocol
? RQ…………………………………………………….respiratory quotient
? PVC…………………………………………………….polyvinyl chloride
? NPN…………………………………………………….negative positive negative
? WAN…………………….Wide Area Network
? ECG………………………Electro Cardiography
? BCG……………………………………………………. bacilles of calmette (guerin)
? ETT……………………………………………………exercise tolerance test (cardiography)
? DBS………………………data base system
? BTU……………………… british thermal unit
? TNT……………………… tri nitro toulene
? CNG………………………Compressed Natural Gas

FUNDAMENTAL CONSTANTS:

1.Electronic charge e 1.602192x10^-19C
2.Electronic rest mass m(e) 9.109x10^-31 kg
3.Electronic radius r(e) 2.81777x10^-15m
4.Proton rest mas m(p) 1.67261x10^-27kg
5.Neutron rest mass M(n) 1.67492x10^-27 kg
6.Planck’s constant h 6.26x10^-34 Js
7.Velocity of light c 2.9979x10^8m/s
8.Avogadro’s constant N(A) 6.022x10^23 /mol
9.Gas constant R 8.31 k^-1mol^-1
10.Boltzmann’s constat k 1.38x10^-23 JK^-1
11.faraday constant F 9.648x10^4Cmol^-1
12.Gravitational constant G 6.664^-1Nm^-2kg^-2
13.Stefan-boltzmann o- ( sigma) 5.66x10^-8 Wm^-2K^4
constant
14.Acceleration of free fall g 9.8ms^-2
15.Magnetic constant Uo 4 pi x10^-7 Hm^-1
16.Electric constant Eo 8.85416x10^-12 Fm_1
17.Escape velocity for earth V(esc) 11.2km/s
18.Orbital velocity V(orb) 7.9 km/s
19.Normal blood presure for human - 120 torr to 80 torr
20.Speed of sound in air V 340m/s
21.Least distance of distinct vision d 25 cm
22.Triple point of water T(p) 273.16 degree C
23.Coloumb’s constant K 9x109 Nm^2/c^2
24.E/M ratio - 1.7588x10^11 c/Kg

How To Sharpen Brain that will help you in study and during your job 

Sharp mindedness means the quickness of a person to interpret, understand, analyse, or pick up an idea adequately. It is a quality that enables you to find a solution to a problem very quickly or answer a question very quickly or learn very quickly. A person with sharp brain is a keen and quick observer. He has also a go creativity power. He has good memory to remember things for long time. Sharp mindedness is necessary in every sphere of life. Suppose you are a student, you need to learn things quickly and properly to avoid wastage of time. Similarly in exam you need to reproduce ideas (what you have learnt while your preparation) in paper very quickly to complete the paper in time. A sharp minded student takes comparatively less time to learn a chapter than a blunt minded student.

Some people have this quality as in-born quality while others have to develop this quality by practice.
There many ways to sharpen your brain, some of which are as follows

Use your brain more and more – Brain Exercise
Like other parts, the brain also becomes more powerful by exercising brain. Exercising brain means using it more and more. Generally brain is involved in every work we do but there are some works in which we have to brain, thinking power, mental analysing power and all our mental capabilities, such works can contribute in exercising our brains. For instance, a product maker is in a situation when he thinks how to minimise the cost of making a product as well as maximise the quality of product. He will have to think more and more, use his brain to find the solution which indirectly exercise his brain as well. Similarly we can produce such situations or involve ourselves in such situations to exercise our brain. In the beginning, we will face difficulties in such brain exercise but with passage of time it will become very easy as we develop brain’s sharpness by exercising our brain. Mental capability or thinking power can be enhanced by using brain in the same way. Brain exercises sharpen our brain. Try mental exercise daily. It sharpens your mind. It strengthens neural connections in your brain. Now think what are a brain exercises or such situations which exercise our situation? It can be a simple task like “Essay writing on a topic”, in which we have use our brain to collect ideas about the topic and use brain to present ideas in a proper way for the reader. We take a paper and write all the idea that we know about the topic. We may know 10 to 15 topics very easily then we start thinking (brain exercise) to find more and ideas about the topic. If we write such essays daily, it can exercise our brain to sharpen it.
There are different activities which involve brain work and flourish the power of your brain.

• Playing games like chess, scrabble, strategic and many others
• Solving numerical problems, or puzzles and quizzes
• Trying out tricky situations usually given in magazines and newspaper.
• Making some difficult charts and tables, daily
• Studying difficult topics and trying to learn it and gain command on it.
• Writing essays on different topics, daily

The above activities are brain exercises. If you do such activities daily, it slowly and gradually increases your mental capability. Brain sharpening is not possible in one day. It needs daily brain exercise and within few days you feel the change.

Playing games like chess and scrabble are also very helpful in brain sharpening, where you have to think about you every move as well as about the move of your opponent player in these games. By these games you can improve power of your brain. At the first time when you play a game you feel it very difficult but by playing it again and again you become master of it because by constant brain exercise your brain power is enhanced and you master it.

Critical thinking – Adequate thinking approach to things.
When we hear something, read something or working on something, it is very important that our thinking approach towards it should be adequate and precise, which involves

• Thinking about an idea at every angle.
• Get into the depth of idea.
• Serious thinking about an idea.
• Alertness while work

Our thinking approach should not be only up to the surface of an idea, we should think about it at every angle an go to the depth of the idea. Try to analyse ideas. Have scientific mental approach to things. Some things need more heed so these should not be taken light. Take things important things serious and think on its all aspects as well as avoiding unnecessary aspects. Suppose you have to solve a problem, you are asked to solve a problem, there will be many solutions the problem but you have to choose the best one. So it is not only to think on about what are the solutions to the problem but you should find the solution and analyze each solution and consider the best one which yield more positive consequences. Think on its all aspects. There will be many solutions to the problem but you have to choose the best one. So it is not only to think on about what are the solutions to the problem but you should find the solution and analyze each solution and consider the best one which yield more positive consequences.
Similarly if you are a student and you have a study a topic. There is a supporting idea in the paragraph, which is true according to the author. You should think over it whether it is really true or not. Don’t just accept it as true because the author has told that it is true. You should analyze the idea, have also contradictory assumption, and think on both. When you do so you come to know about it in full and you learn it properly. Intelligent people have such thinking approach. Study is an activity which requires more brain work because you observe things and pick up them which is totally a brain work. While studying you have use brain on each idea in order to learn it effective and gain command over it.

Nutrients for brain.
Take nutrients which are rich in .good for brain. Nutrient having antioxidant like vitamin C, and E and beta carotene, vitamins B, omega-3 fatty acids and folic acid etc, are good for brain. Add 3 to 5 Almonds in one glass milk, keep it for 5 to 6 minutes and drink it daily, it is good for mental health. Apple juice is also good for sharpening brain.
Take physical exercise regularly.
Brain takes it nutrients from blood for functioning properly. Physical exercise speeds up blood flow to brain and brain gets well nourished as well as brain gets rid of waste products. Physical exercise is necessary for enhancing mental capabilities.

Try to get full Sleep.
Sleep is essential for brain to function properly. Sleep helps our brain in two ways
• While sleep our brain relaxes because our brain usage is minimized while sleep.
• While sleep our brain involves in some important processes, i.e. working on data we have worked on, memorization of things etc.

Our brain involves in activities we do all the day. Our brain gets tired by constantly involving in activities we do all the daylong and the brain function is affected. That’s why brain needs to take rest. When we sleep our brain relaxes and become ready to function properly.
Besides relaxation of brain, our brain perform certain process while we sleep which consist of working on data, storing data, strengthening neuron’s connection and making space for new data.

Entry Test of Aga Khan Medical College Karachi - Guidelines

Aga Khan Medical College Karachi is one of the renowned Medical Colleges of Pakistan. Entry test for admission is held every year, conducted by Aga Khan University Karachi. Generally, Entry test is held in the month of March or April every year in different cities of Pakistan.
After qualifying entry test candidates are shortlisted for interview. Short listing for interviews is based on combination of Secondary School achievement and the AKU Admission Test score. A student is eligible for admission into Aga Khan Medical College if he qualifies entry test as well as interview.

Eligibility for test (Student of Pakistan).

The students who have successfully completed or are in the process of completing their HSC (FSc Pre-medical) can apply for the test. 
Candidates following systems of education (i.e A-level) other than the Pakistani system will be required to submit equivalence certificate from the Inter Board Committee of Chairman (IBCC) in Pakistan. The qualification must be equivalent to the pre-medical qualification in Pakistan.

How to apply.
Application form, pro
spectus and sample papers can be downloaded from the website of AKU, www.aku.edu or can be obtained from specified branches of Sonehri Bank in Pakistan. 
Fill application form and admit card.
The completed application form should be posted by registered mail or sent through a reliable courier service to address prescribed on application form or delivered in person to the Admission Office in AKU Karachi.

How to Prepare for the TEST

Structure (format)

The test is divided in to three sections.
Section – I
This section tests the candidate’s competency in English language. There are two components in this section.

Component –I: 15 MCQs to test structure, cohesion and vocabulary
Component –II: A summative paragraph writing from notes given in question paper.

Time given for this section is 40 minutes. There is no negative marking in this section

Section – II 
There are 25 MCQs in this section to test the candidate’s science reasoning skills.
Time given for this section is 30 minutes. There is no negative marking in this section.

Section – III 
There are
30 MCQs each in Biology, Physics and Chemistry.
20 MCQs in Mathematics.
The time given for this section is one hour and 35 minutes. There is negative marking in this section. Each correct response gets one point and for each incorrect response 0.25 will be deducted.

Suggested Books
Your course books, A-level or Higher Secondary Education (FSc) books
SAT-I (For English and Maths) and SAT-II (For Biology, Physics and Chemistry)
MCAT (It is a foreign book like SAT book, not the ordinary MCAT books which are written by Pakistani authors. You can search this book on Internet or buy from market)

These books are quite helpful in the preparation for AKU’s Test. Some MCQs are taken from inside of theory of these books and some are directly taken from the MCQs in the last of each chapter of these books. You should study the theory thoroughly and practice its MCQs as well. 

In spite studying these books some students fail the Test because they only read these books on surface and read its MCQs but the best way is to read them with full concentration and extract the hidden ideas and MCQs from each sentence which can be asked in Test. Extracting MCQs from theory is a skill. Make your concept clear about each idea given your books. So you need to learn them in a way that you can use that learning yourself. Try to practice more and more MCQs. By doing so you will learn as well as you will become habitual of (used to) MCQs and you will not be stressed in test and will solve the test with confidence.

English and Mathematics

For English and Maths students who have qualified the test suggest SAT-I book. In English they check your English Grammar (advance level) i.e subject verb agreement, redundancy, prepositions, etc. A paragraph is given, you have to read it as fast as you can because it’s a lengthy paragraph and you have to answer the questions given on it. These question cannot be answered by just have a rough idea of paragraph (as commonly given in Matric exams) But these question are to check you competency in English, Grammar skills and analyzing the idea given by grammatical structures in paragraph.
Usually they give a question like
“The word manipulate is used in paragraph in term of ______” 
or may ask the meaning of word according to its usage in paragraph.

In Maths, they check your learning of fundamentals of Mathematics. These are easy questions but involves trick in them. Like they ask “what is the sum natural number from 1 to 100” so it an easy question, a simple formula is involved but if you start to adding all the number from 1 to 100 , it will take a lot time. (Its formula is to add first and last number and divide on total numbers)

Example
MCQ. If 3/4 of a number is 7 more than 1/6 of the number, what is of the number?
A. 12
B. 15
C. 18
D. 20

MCQ. If it is now June, what month will be 100 months from now?
A. January
B. April
C. June
D. October

General Guidance for MCQs Preparation

Remember, these MCQs test your knowledge and your mental sharpness. So each MCQs has question as well as a trick in it. Like an MCQs which has repeated many times in AKU’s test that is
MCQ. 
The feet of elephants are large because
Answer: To reduce its pressure on earth.

It is easy MCQ, but student get confuse because there is a trick or indirect idea involved that is, we know that Pressure = Force / Area. It means Pressure is inversely proportion to Area. So more area of feet, less will be the pressure and that’s the answer.
Questions of science subject are based on the Higher Secondary certificate Curriculum in Pakistan. Questions of Mathematics are based on the Secondary School Certificate curriculum in Pakistan. Question of English section is to check candidate’s competency in English language, grammar, vocabulary.

All the questions are designed to check your learning level, your concepts, your mental approach to learning. Try to build concepts about things in your book. Suppose you study a topic, your learning should not be limited to reading sentence, try to know what the author wants to explain in each sentence, there are many hidden ideas, try to explore these ideas and make good question on them and try to find their answers.

Here is an example.. A student was studying about the chemical structure of atom, he read the sentence “protons reside in the nucleus of atom” he started thinking in his mind “proton have positive charge, bodies having same charge repel each other, then how protons reside in same place, why don’t they repel each other?” He made a question “How protons (having same charge) reside in one place, why they don’t repel each other? By making such question you achieve perfection in your learning.

Be a keen observer. When you study a topic, think about it at every angle, extract information from it which make your learning perfect. If some information is given about something in book, try to think on its all directions(which is usually not given in book), have a scientific approach to science subjects. Never ignore things if you are unable to understand, discuss with your teachers. 

It is better if student study books other than text books as well. Books like SAT II and MCAT are very helpful because these books have more details about the science subjects which builds your concepts as well as tells how can MCQs be made. SAT I book is good for learning English and Maths. Try to practice MCQs as much as possible.

Ranking of Pakistani Higher Education Institutions

Quality and Research based Ranking

OVERALL TOP TEN HEIS OF PAKISTAN

Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad
Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences
Aga Khan University, Karachi
University of Agriculture, Faisalabad
University of The Punjab, Lahore 
National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST)
Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi
University of Health Sciences, Lahore
COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Islamabad
Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore
Agriculture/Veterinary

University of Agriculture, Faisalabad
Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi
University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore
KPK Agricultural University, Peshawar
Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam
Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences
Art & Design

National College of Arts, Lahore
Indus Valley School of Art and Architecture, Karachi
Computer Sciences & IT

COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Islamabad
National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences (NU-FAST), Islamabad
Qurtaba University of Science and Information Technology, D I Khan
Balochistan University of Information Technology and Management Sciences, Quetta
City University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar
CECOS University of Information Technology and Emerging Sciences, Peshawar
Business Education 

Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore
Institute of Business Administration Karachi
Iqra University,Karachi
Sukkar, Institute of Business Administration, Sukkar
National College of Business Administration & Economics, Lahore
Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science & Technology, Karachi
Institute of Management Sciences,Peshawar
Lahore School of Economics, Lahore
Imperial College of Business Studies, Lahore
Institute of Management Sciences, Lahore
Institute of Business Management, Karachi
Institute of Business and Technology, Karachi
KASB Institute of Technology, Karachi
Engineering & Technology

Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Islamabad
National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad
Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences & Technology, Topi
University of Engineering and Technology- Lahore
University of Engineering and Technology-Taxila
Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad
KPK University of Engineering and Technology
Mehran University of Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro
NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
Air University, Islamabad
National Textile University, Faisalabad
Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science & Technology, Nawabshah
Balochistan University of Engg & Technology, Khuzdar
Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
Mirpur University of Science & Technology, AJ&K
Dawood College of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
Medical

Aga Khan University, Karachi
University of Health Sciences, Lahore
Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi
Isra University, Hyderabad
Zia-ud-Din University, Karachi
Khyber Medical University, Peshawar
King Edward Medical University, Lahore
Baqai Medical University, Karachi
Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Jamshoro
Gandhara University, Peshawar
General Universities (Large-student enrollment > 7000)

University of the Punjab, Lahore
University of Karachi, Karachi
Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan
University of Peshawar, Peshawar
International Islamic University, Islamabad
Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science & Technology, Islamabad
Govt. College University, Faisalabad
University of Sargodha, Sargodha
Hazara University Mansehra
The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
University of Sindh, Jamshoro
Bahria University, Islamabad
University of Education, Lahore
National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad
University of Gujrat, Gujrat
Preston University, Kohat
University of Lahore, Lahore
General Universities (Medium-student enrollment >3000 and <7000)

Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad
Government College University, Lahore
Gomal University, D.I Khan
Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat
Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur
The University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, AJ&K
Riphah International University, Islamabad
Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi
University of Balochisan, Quetta
University of Management & Technology, Lahore
Forman Christian College, Lahore
Mohammad Ali Jinnah University, Karachi
Hamdard University, Karachi
Jinnah University for Women, Karachi
University of Central Punjab, Lahore
General Universities (Small-student enrollment <3000)

Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, Islamabad
University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad
Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University, Quetta
National Defence University, Islamabad
Karakurum International University, Gilgit
Textile Institute of Pakistan, Karachi
University of Malakand, Dir, Malakand
Foundation University, Islamabad
Beaconhouse National University, Lahore
Dadabhoy Institute of Higher Education, Karachi
Frontier Women University, Peshawar
Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar
University of South Asia, Lahore
GIFT University, Gujranwala
Indus Institute of Higher Education, Karachi
Mohiuddin Islamic University, AJ&K
Hajvery University, Lahore
Kinnaird College For Women, Lahore
The Superior College, Lahore
Karachi Institute of Economics & Technology, Karachi
Newport Institute of Communications & Economics, Karachi
Greenwich University, Karachi
Minhaj University, Lahore
Preston Institute of Management, Science and Technology, Karachi
Preston University, Karachi
* HEIs having equal total rounded off scores are ordered alphabetically in all General Categories